Hey everybody!! 

Thank you so much for checking back in with the blog. 

I can hardly believe how quickly these two months have passed. It feels like just yesterday I was getting off the plane, absolutely petrified yet excited at the same time. Looking back, every single moment, experience, and connection I’ve formed here in the Dominican Republic is truly something that I will carry with me for so so long. This internship has been so much more than a professional opportunity as it has been a journey of learning, growth, and self-understanding. 

Over these weeks, I’ve learned so much, not only about medicine, engineering, and needs-finding, but also about navigating a different culture, practicing my Spanish, and embracing personal growth.

Right off the bat, I can tell you what one of my favorite parts was: the culture. Being half–Puerto Rican, I’ve always wanted to feel more connected to that side, and being here was and is the closest I could get, and I absolutely loved it. I felt an immediate connection to the food, the warmth, and especially the music. Listening to salsa almost every day brought me so much joy, especially when I saw people dancing in the streets, unafraid to celebrate life in public. It reminded me of my dad and his love for music, his ability to create joy at home, and his stories from the past. This connection made me even more proud of my Latin heritage.

I want to first express my deep gratitude to UNAPEC. The faculty and students welcomed us so warmly, and it has been an honor to collaborate with them. One of the main projects we worked on alongside the electrical engineering students, Darien and Ezeul, was developing a temperature monitor and regulator for premature babies in the NICU. Many of these babies could not experience prolonged kangaroo mother care due to their condition, meaning the incubators had to reliably maintain a safe temperature to prevent hypothermia.

Our goal was to design a thermal mattress with an integrated monitor and regulator. In the end, we learned that Rice360 had already developed a similar solution that had passed FDA approval. Instead of reinventing the wheel, we connected the manufacturer with Dr. Floren, the president of DOFMI. And honestly? That was such an important lesson for me

In global health technology, one of the biggest challenges is redundancy; projects often repeat the same work because of limited awareness of existing solutions. Sometimes, the real innovation lies not in creating something new, but in bridging the gap between what exists and the communities that need it most. By bringing the device here, usability tests could be conducted to see if it truly meets the needs in this context, especially considering local factors like climate and humidity. This also really showed me how many big problems in medical technology management come from straight education. Many of these medical professionals are unaware of how to fix or identify a simple problem that has a simple fix, and they assume it’s broken and leave it that way. There is truly a need for programs that allow them to get the time to flesh out new devices to allow for a better flow of maintenance. 

We also collaborated with UNAPEC students on research related to LEEP, a common procedure in the DR for screening and treating pre-cancerous cervical lesions. We explored designing a training model for the procedure and considered ways to make a smaller, more portable electrosurgical generator. I’m especially grateful for the dedication of the students who worked with us while balancing their own senior projects and eight classes. Their hard work and generosity of time inspired me deeply.

From them, I also learned something simple yet profound: a small shared interest can open the door to meaningful connections. The joy of seeing someone’s face light up because you mentioned something they love, it’s a feeling I’ll treasure.

I also want to thank DOFMI for taking us to hospitals across the country for needs-finding and for organizing OBGYN meet-ups to test our project from Rice.

Dr. Floren is truly a force of nature. She could be living comfortably in the U.S. with her family, but instead, she’s here, pouring her energy into improving healthcare for premature babies. Watching her in action made me realize what it really means to put patients first. She has strengthened my passion for medicine in ways I can hardly express in words.

Through all of this, I’ve realized how much joy I find in helping people, whether it’s something in the hospital or as small as a kind gesture in a café. That joy is something I want to carry into my future career. As an engineer or a doctor, I want to design and implement solutions that truly make healthcare better for people everywhere.

Our trips to Barahona and Santiago were also incredibly eye-opening. Seeing the differences between private clinics and the poorer regions firsthand brought a new level of understanding that no report or statistic could ever match. Witnessing the environments where the needs are most urgent reinforced the importance of human-centered design in healthcare technology.

I am deeply thankful to the OBGYNs at Hospital Materno Infantil San Lorenzo de Los Mina, who allowed me to shadow them in the OR. This was definitely one of the most impactful parts of this internship. I watched countless gynecology and obstetrics surgeries and learned so much from their explanations, and not only about the procedures themselves, but also about the healthcare challenges they face daily. Their commitment to their patients and to improving the country’s healthcare system was beyond inspiring. And their love for their profession and for the patients they are caring for is so tangible and beautiful. I will truly miss these amazing people. 

 

I’m leaving the DR with more than just memories. I’m leaving with new skills, new friendships, new perspectives, and a stronger sense of purpose as a future engineer or maybe one day, a doctor or other professional. I’ve learned that innovation is as much about connection as it is about invention. I’ve also learned how empathy is as vital to engineering or medicine as technical skills. That joy, whether from a patient smile, a shared meal, or music playing in the background, is something worth protecting and cherishing :).

Thank you for following along on this journey with me.

Till next time, DR!! 

– Valerie

 

And yes… I also brought home some Dominican food. Some lessons you can taste.

Hello everybody, and welcome back to the blog!!!

As our internship comes to an end, I have been trying to take in every moment here: the people, the culture, and everything we have been learning. This week, Dr. Lee visited the country, and we traveled with her to San Pedro de Macorís to visit the bateyes. These are small communities where many residents work in the sugarcane fields.

During previous visits, I had only seen these towns from a car window, but this time we were able to walk through one. It was the first time I really saw what life is like there. Many of the homes did not have flooring, the roofs were improvised, and there was no air conditioning.

Still, the sense of community stood out to me. Even though it is a small area, everyone greeted each other in a friendly way. The church was full of energy, with people singing and dancing in Haitian Creole. It was my first time hearing the language. At the same time, learning about their situation was difficult. Because of the immigration issues in the Dominican Republic, many Haitians are afraid to go to hospitals. Some fear being deported, while others worry about unfair treatment. As a result, people sometimes die from conditions that could have been prevented. Maternal mortality is especially high in these communities because women with high-risk pregnancies often avoid care out of fear that they and their babies could be deported.

We were guided through the area by Mrs. Malena, a local woman who leads programs to help other women learn new skills and also provides emotional support. She explained the need for a mobile clinic because the towns are far from each other, and the regional hospitals are even farther. She shared that when she was a child, it took her two hours to walk to school, even though it was still within the batey region. As we traveled between communities, we saw families walking long distances in the heat with groceries. Cars were rare, and motorcycles were the main form of transportation.

She also showed us places where bodies had been found. That moment really stayed with me and reminded me how serious the situation is.

The next day, we went to Santiago de los Caballeros, the second largest city in the country. We visited Circuimed and met again with people we had previously spoken with at Altagracia. Circuimed distributes and refurbishes medical equipment. They showed us their mock operating rooms and several incubators that needed repair. During our conversation with the owner, we learned that most problems with incubators come from the heating source or temperature sensors. Many of these parts are replaceable, but medical staff are not always aware. Sometimes they reuse disposable sensors or do not realize replacements are available. Because of this, many incubators go unused when a simple fix could solve the issue.

We also visited hospitals in the area, including one [name to be added], where all the incubators were functioning. They were even using ceramic wrap instead of tape to seal older incubators. Tape leaves residue that increases the risk of contamination, so this was a much better solution.

After Dr. Lee left, we met with David Kimmey, a Rice360 fellow who worked on the Celsi Warmer and Monitor. He explained that the device was originally designed for hospitals in Africa, but we noticed a lot of overlap between that context and what we have seen in the Dominican Republic. We also spoke with Jackie Foss, a tech translator from Rice360, who told us that the Celsi Warmer was recently approved by the FDA. We connected her with Dra. Floren to explore whether the device could be used in local NICUs to address issues with temperature regulation.

I also worked on prototypes for a training model for the LEEP procedure. From our hospital visits, we found that LEEP is frequently used to treat cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), a condition that can lead to cervical cancer. Some hospitals perform the procedure up to five times a day. A common problem is access to small and affordable electrosurgical generators. Our goal is to create a training model that doctors can use for hands-on practice while keeping costs low.

In addition, I have been writing down need statements based on what we have observed. I plan to share these with UNAPEC, since they are working on launching a biomedical engineering major. These statements could help guide their future projects and classes in a direction that addresses medical topics, which I think would be wonderful for the country.

This experience has been very informative. I am so thankful to have had the chance to learn from the people here and to better understand some of the issues they face.

– Valerie

Some bonus pics!!

I find it difficult to put into words how wonderful our experience has been so far. Words alone don’t capture the passion, love, and sheer determination of the people we’ve met along the way. As my co-intern mentioned in his blog, we had the blessing of visiting Barahona, which was an opportunity that deeply expanded my understanding of the country and its people.

Traveling outside the city offered a different lens. The homes we passed were smaller, many without floors, and some constructed with metal sheets for roofs. I observed them through the car window as we moved from hospital to hospital, but even that brief glimpse gave me a lot to reflect on. These weren’t just buildings — they were the homes of the very patients we were seeing in nearby hospitals like Jaime Mota. Families. Children.

I don’t have a perfectly polished takeaway from what I saw, but what struck me most was this: when living conditions are difficult, access to quality healthcare becomes even more vital. It’s not about pity, it’s about justice. It’s about making sure that every mother in Kangaroo Mother Care, every baby born too soon, every family, regardless of where they live, receives the care they deserve.

And yet, amidst what some might see as hardship, I witnessed joy. There was music in the air. People dancing in the streets. A vibrant sense of community. There is a compassion here that I’ve rarely seen elsewhere, a compassion that I have also seen in healthcare providers when it comes to quality patient care.

One of the people who’s left the deepest impact on me is Dra. Floren. Despite having a family back in the U.S., she is here, fully present and committed to her patients. From expanding Kangaroo Mother Care to supporting maternal units and even creating birthing centers in Haiti, her work stems from a place of pure love. She reminded me what true passion in medicine looks like: patient-first, always.

Often, when we talk about global health, the narrative centers around tragedy or lack. But there is so much hope here. That’s why visiting KMC clinics meant so much to me. I got to hold a beautiful baby girl who was once a preemie, and now she’s healthy, smiling, and thriving. Her mother was kind and full of gratitude. It reminded me that behind every clinical term like “neonatal care” is a real family and a story of survival.

 

At Jaime Mota Hospital, I had the honor of presenting my project to a group of OBGYNs and gynecologic oncologists. These professionals are shaping the future of medicine here, and their feedback was invaluable. Dr. Mendez Lopez suggested making the cervical ectropion on our training model more pronounced, as it’s often mistaken for pathology by trainees. He also recommended pairing the model with real clinical images and step-by-step guidance, which is an idea I’ll be taking back with me. I’ve had multiple doctors offer images they have taken of cervical appearances, and I am more than excited for this collaboration.

We also met Dr. Delfido Feliz, a specialist in endocrinology, fertility, and gynecology, who posed a pivotal question: “What is the ultimate goal of your project?” I told him it’s about democratizing training. Hands-on gynecological education should be accessible not just to medical students and residents, but also to nurses and primary care providers, especially in areas with high cancer burden and high risk. He shared how facilities known as UNAPs ( small, local centers of primary care) serve as the first line of care across the region. Yet, many PCPs and nurses from these centers still lack the training to confidently perform procedures like pap smears.

We visited one of these UNAPs and spoke with a general medicine physician who explained how care can sometimes get lost in the system. Patients are referred back and forth, often missing follow-ups or never receiving their lab results. These aren’t just logistical issues, but structural barriers that can delay lifesaving diagnoses.

I also got to share the model with nursing students from UCATEBA and saw how even limited tools, when paired with knowledgeable mentors, can open new doors. One physician demonstrated how to use a pipelle for endometrial biopsies, and it was amazing to see the model possibly being capable of teaching.

Interestingly, this experience has shifted my view. It’s not that this country lacks proper screening procedures or quality care. Many of those services are already present, whether it be a public or private hospital. What’s often missing is awareness. Currently, I am trying to help start an awareness/educational program with DOFMI in the DR, as female health is something that cannot go unnoticed, especially in a country where the average start of sexual activity is 10-16 years old.

Hospital visits also highlighted key differences in maternal care. Unlike in the U.S., where labor, delivery, and recovery happen in one versatile room (LDR), here the stages are separated — prenatal, postpartum, labor rooms, and the OR. While this system works, it comes with risks, particularly when a woman has to be rushed while crowning, potentially increasing the chance of complications such as postpartum hemorrhaging or vaginal tears. Versatile birthing beds and integrated spaces could make a big difference, yet implementing them is a whole other story.

At Hospital Juan Pablo Pina, we met a baby from the KMC program who had to be readmitted for intestinal parasites. Doctors suspected that poor hygiene at home was the cause. It was a sobering moment. How do you care for patients when the root of the problem is not medical, but structural? Dra. Floren once told me about a time when many babies were brought in with black lines on their gums, which turned out to be a sign of lead poisoning. The issue became so widespread that international organizations had to step in to help. Stories like these are a powerful reminder that good health isn’t only about medicine. It also depends on clean water, fresh air, safe housing, and public awareness. Every part matters.

 

Thursday brought an entirely different kind of experience that I will truly never forget. I observed several hysterectomies, one of which was performed by a team of incredible physicians, including Dr. Jimenez, Dra. Paulino, Dr. Libert, and Dr. Suriel. Watching a laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) unfold in real time was surreal. One person manned the camera, two others worked with precision instruments, and another used a manipulator to position the uterus — all while the anesthesiologist monitored vitals and nurses kept instruments sterile. That was truly the embodiment of teamwork. The whole procedure, lasting nearly four hours, was a lesson in coordination, endurance, and focus.

This week has touched me deeply. Dra. Floren’s unwavering commitment, the clinicians’ thoughtful feedback, the welcoming communities will all stay with me. It’s also made me feel hopeful about the potential impact of our models and inspired to keep improving them.

Some random fun things: we started cafe hopping, which is something I wish we’d done sooner! It has been a refreshing change of environment for working. As well, I’ve been in search for a guanabana, and one of the doctors from Jaime Mota, Dra. Martinez, gave me one from her neighbors backyard. So good!!!

Thanks for reading!!

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Hello again!

It’s kind of wild to realize we’ve already been in the Dominican Republic for a month now. Time really does fly when you’re fully immersed in meaningful work and constantly learning in a new place.

This week was one of my favorites so far! It was packed with experiences that challenged me, moved me, and reaffirmed my interest in gynecology and maternal-child health.

Early in the week, we had an in-depth discussion about the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) project we’re contributing to. George Suazo visited to present the scope of the work: developing a low-cost alternative to the gooseneck lamps currently used in NICUs to warm premature babies, and designing sensors that could be placed on infants in kangaroo care to monitor vital signs. These sensors would help generate clinical data to support the efficacy of skin-to-skin care.

We had already visited the Kangaroo Clinic at Los Mina the previous week, where we observed about 10 consultations under the guidance of Dr. Guillermina Nadal. Seeing KMC in action really helped us understand the value of the method. Most of the babies were stable and benefited greatly from the warmth and regulation skin-to-skin contact provides. Since I’m NREMT certified, Dr. Nadal even let me take vitals, including bpm and lung auscultations, which was incredibly rewarding. Some babies were underweight, some had genetic or neurological conditions like Edward’s syndrome, and each had their own unique challenges. I was very astonished by how small some of these babies were, as she told me they were all the same age, but their development was an issue.

The visit to the NICU also brought up some critical insights. Many incubators lacked proper heating regulation and instead relied on gooseneck lamps, which sometimes led to burns due to fragile neonatal skin. On top of that, humidity regulation was missing, and only the most critical babies were hooked up to vital-sign monitors. These conditions really shaped how I interpreted George’s presentation and highlighted the urgent need for both thermal regulation and accessible vitals monitoring, especially for premature babies in both stable and critical conditions.

A major takeaway from this week was realizing that we could possibly be designing for two very different neonatal audiences:

1. Stable premature babies—these infants benefit most from kangaroo care and shouldn’t be placed on warming beds unless necessary.

2. Critical premature babies—these require intervention in NICUs, whether for jaundice treatment, ventilation, or monitoring. They can’t stay in skin-to-skin contact for long stretches and thus need a reliable thermal crib setup, ideally with vital monitoring sensors as well.

However, since we don’t have much time left, we want to figure out which is more of a priority.

On Thursday, we discussed our project plan with Dr. Emin Rivera. While we came up with a few great ideas, we also agreed that we needed to talk to more clinicians and nurses to really sharpen our needs statement. The upcoming trip to Barahona with Dr. Floren will help us do just that, and we are excited to practice some need-finding skills and ask all the right questions to pediatricians (the most difficult part!).

The highlight of the week for me was shadowing OBGYNs in the obstetric ward at Los Minas on Tuesday and Saturday.

I had the honor of working with Dr. Rosa, a second-year resident, who explained each prenatal patient’s condition during rounds. I met patients in early labor, those requiring C-sections, and others with high-risk conditions like preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is a complication of pregnancy involving high blood pressure and signs of organ damage. One patient I observed had a catheter inserted, which helped monitor her urine; a darker color could indicate HELLP syndrome, a dangerous progression of preeclampsia. Due to systemic inequities, many patients at Los Minas arrive without having received any prenatal care, making these complications more common and severe. For these cases, babies are delivered pre-term in order to save more lives.

I witnessed three births: one vaginal and two C-sections. Watching the medical team manage each step of the delivery, from using Doppler ultrasounds to track fetal heart rates to performing an amniotomy with a syringe instead of a specialized amnihook (due to resource limitations), was incredibly eye-opening. I even learned how the placenta is removed and how physicians carefully stitch vaginal tears after childbirth. Dr. Solano Turbi, the chief resident, took the time to walk me through the C-section procedures, including each layer of incision and the cauterizing tools used. Truly unforgettable.

Something that I noticed at this ward was the fact that they walked patients who were about to give birth to the OR. These patients almost tripped and fell multiple times. I asked one of the residents about this, and he told me how he disliked how they do it here. He believes that walking these patients over results in the frequency of vaginal tears here. I’ve been trying to brainstorm an alternative to walking patients over to the OR; however, the hallways are pretty narrow and bringing over the whole bed would be inconvenient. This is definitely a problem I want to explore in different hospitals.

Other than that, I couldn’t believe they had 50 births scheduled that day; it was a hectic but amazing environment to learn in. I fully plan to return to this hospital to continue learning and maybe even get feedback on our prototype.

As the week wrapped up, we focused on refining our approach to the KMC project. We now clearly understand that:

• Babies stable enough for kangaroo care should stay with the mother and do not need a thermal crib.

• Babies who require NICU interventions must have a reliable thermal environment and do need vitals sensors to guide care.

• Both groups would benefit from affordable, non-invasive sensors to monitor vital signs.

We’re heading to Barahona soon, where Dr. Floren will also be distributing Dream Warmers—a portable, non-electric warming solution developed by Boston Children’s Hospital. I’m really excited to see how these are received and to learn more from the pediatricians and nurses working in those facilities.

Now moving on to some quick excursion updates!  Went to Soana Island last Sunday! SO surreal! Fun fact: Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl was filmed there. I also tried quenepas for the first time—they brought back memories of similar fruits I’ve had in Thailand. Definitely a nostalgic (and delicious) moment!

Thanks for tuning in again this week!

Writing these entries reminds me how lucky I am to be here. I came in loving gynecology, and each week I get to experience it firsthand, I leave more sure that I’ve found something I’m truly passionate about.

Until next time,

-Valerie

(P.S. here are some long-awaited photos of the first time I tested my model at Los Minas!)

This week has been nothing short of incredible. From walking through centuries of history in the colonial zone to examining NICUs, I felt like I was straddling two worlds—one foot in the past, one charging toward the future of medicine.

We started off by visiting Nuestra Señora de la Altagracia University Maternity Hospital, the largest maternity hospital in Santo Domingo. Accompanied by Dr. Angelica Floren, a pediatrician and president of DOFMI, and her colleague from the University of Zaragoza (a microbiologist specializing in infectious disease), we attended a presentation on neonatal sepsis and hospital-acquired infections. He emphasized not just early detection but also the critical importance of cleanliness in clinical settings, something that, honestly, feels like such a basic concept but is too often overlooked in resource-constrained environments.

Later, we were introduced to three biomedical engineers from Comen, a company that develops neonatal incubators and other medical equipment. I was fascinated watching them at work: observing, photographing, and analyzing every inch of the NICU setup. They weren’t just there to pitch products. One of the engineers told us, “I’m not a salesman, I’m here to help hospitals improve their care.” That stuck with me. It was inspiring to witness someone so committed to making technology work for people, not just selling it to them. That’s the kind of biomedical practice I want to be part of.

 

On Friday, we visited Los Mina Maternity Hospital, the second largest in the city, known for taking in overflow cases from other facilities. Dr. Floren and her colleague introduced us to the hospital director, Dr. Armando Cemejo Cepada, an OBGYN. The facilities were clean and clearly improving, especially compared to years ago from what Dr. Floren mentioned. We toured their obstetrics unit, NICU, and microbiology lab, where I got to see the BacT/ALERT system in action, a machine donated by CHOP (Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia) that detects bacterial growth in blood cultures. It’s been a while since I’ve seen biotech like this in a clinical setting, and it was very interesting to learn about these machines once again.

 

But the absolute highlight of the week? Presenting my cervical and endometrial biopsy training models to a group of gynecology residents. It felt surreal to share a project we’ve poured so much time and heart into. When we brought out the models, the residents lit up. They immediately started matching cervical abnormalities to the correct sliders, and several tried taking biopsies themselves. Seeing their reactions was so rewarding, as they told me it felt very accurate. I also gained very insightful information during this time. They told me that they performed cervical biopsies around 4 to 5 times a week; however, they mainly perform LEEP, loop electrosurgical excision procedures. This was a procedure that I very much want to add to the LUCIA, and I am excited to get started on that. I’ve done some research on the procedure, and I was curious if there was a need for an alternative to electrosurgical generators. These generators are used to heat up the instrument that is used to cauterize the cervix tissue during the biopsy, and I did not know if med schools could afford to buy extra just for training. I got mixed answers from the residents, but I plan to dive deeper into this need. They also told me that they performed endometrial biopsies more often than cervical biopsies. This matched up with some prior research I had done, where there has been a sudden trend in risk for uterine cancer in Dominican women. This truly showed the need for such a training model.

They also shared how, during their own medical training, they used old models or even fruits to practice procedures. There was no proper training model they were actually using in medical schools, despite how common cervical and endometrial screenings have recently become. I gave them surveys to gather feedback, and they even invited us back to shadow them in surgery and delivery rooms and to continue refining the model together. We are very excited to begin working with these residents, and I am truly honored by their offer!

One conversation really stayed with me: a resident told me how early teen pregnancies and rising obesity rates are leading to more cases of endometrial cancer here in the Dominican Republic. Many teen mothers suffer from severe hypertension, and premature births are common. Seeing such tiny babies in the NICUs was heartbreaking—but also deeply motivating. These hospitals are doing everything they can to save these little lives, and with the help of advanced equipment and passionate clinicians, we are making progress. Even small changes, like replacing tape with clean plastic wrap to reduce contamination, can make a difference.

Outside of the hospitals, we made sure to explore a bit of the country too last weekend. We visited the Colonial Zone, the oldest European settlement in the Americas, and walked the cobblestone streets lined with history. At the Christopher Columbus Lighthouse, I stood in awe of its sheer size (it was HUGE). We also relaxed at Boca Chica, where we met a very sweet local boy who proudly offered to teach us how to swim (definitely a memory I’ll always carry with me).

 

 

On the technical side of things, I’ve been developing the endometrial biopsy training model further. We’re now prototyping with an infrared sensor with an LED to detect proximity to the uterine wall—goodbye Eddy current, hello precision! It runs on an Arduino board, and I’ve been diving into the code to get it just right. It’s been fun flexing my engineering muscles again. I’m also redesigning the LEEP component of the cervical model in CAD, aiming to improve on what LUCIA didn’t quite perfect. My current focus is creating a better cervix holder that can withstand repeated procedures and give more realistic feedback.

This week reaffirmed everything I’ve ever felt about wanting to be an OBGYN. Being here, learning from these doctors, engineers, and residents—it’s a dream come true. I feel inspired, humbled, and ready to keep pushing our projects forward to provide quality care to everyone, no matter where they are from.

Thanks for following along. Until next week!

– Valerie <3

p.s. I’m waiting on a bunch of awesome photos that were taken by their photographer, so brace yourselves 😉

 

Hello everybody, and welcome back to my blog!

This first week has been absolutely amazing!

Every morning we wake up to a view of the ocean, and our walk to campus is surrounded by vibrant trees. The UNAPEC campus is beautiful! I especially love how there are so many trees on campus, and the sunlight filters through them, making everything feel alive and colorful.

This week, we’ve been primarily based at UNAPEC, where we met the faculty and students. We’ve been paired with two amazing electrical engineering students, Darien and Ezeul, who are helping us implement electrical features into our medical training devices. They are absolutely brilliant, and we are learning so much from them! 

For my project, we’re developing a sensor that alerts trainees if they’re about to penetrate the uterus — a serious complication that can happen during real procedures. Our clinical mentors told us that uterine perforation can sometimes lead to intestinal injury, so this is something we want to simulate and prevent during training.

We’re using something called the eddy current effect to detect proximity between the metal curette (the tool used for the biopsy) and a sensor. Essentially, when a conductor (like our metal tool) moves through a changing magnetic field, it induces circular electric currents (“eddy currents”) which, in turn, make the conductor slightly magnetic. We’re harnessing this effect so that when the curette gets too close to the sensor, it triggers a blinking light or a beeping sound that will notify trainees that they’ve gone too far in our model. 

Currently, we’re building the prototype with an Arduino, breadboard, and a wire coil that senses the tool’s movement. When it gets close enough, the light blinks. I’ve always wanted to get more comfortable with circuits and electrical engineering, so this has been an incredible opportunity to learn from Darien and Ezeul.

As well, to give everyone a feel for the procedure, I had the team try taking a “biopsy” from an orange using the curette. Clinicians told us that an orange’s pulp texture is surprisingly similar to that of the human endometrium, and they weren’t kidding. When my Rice team first tried it, we were shocked by how much it did feel like flesh (a bit unsettling, might I say). It’s hard to describe the texture until you feel it yourself, which made it very fun to see their reactions and descriptions. 

Now that the team understands the texture I’m aiming to recreate, I’m really looking forward to getting clinical feedback here and improving the realism of our silicone uterus model. We have silicon and access to a 3D printer, so I hope to make a new mold in the coming weeks! 

The first half of the week was packed with prototyping and Arduino work, but we also got a tour of UNAPEC’s engineering labs, and they had so many facilities! We’ve been spending a lot of time in their library and grabbing lunch at the cafeteria (which has delicious food at mind-blowingly affordable prices). Also, very important: there are campus cats! One of them, a yellow tabby, is named Cheese. Love, love, love. 

 

We also met Dr. George L. Suazo, who’s a doctor affiliated with DOFMI, and we got to show him our prototypes. He’ll be guiding us on hospital visits and bringing us to biomedical engineering conferences! Dylan and I are so excited. Our first hospital visit is on Tuesday, where we’ll meet Dr. Floren and begin gathering clinical feedback. I’m especially thrilled to see OB/GYNs test our prototype and hear their thoughts on its realism.

I also learned from George that cervical and uterine cancers are on the rise in the Dominican Republic, in part due to limited training for screening procedures. Early pregnancies in teenage girls are more common here, increasing their risk for these cancers. I’m looking forward to learn how they train for screening procedures and to tailor our model to better meet their needs.

After hours, we’ve been venturing into the city. We had dinner at Capuccino, which is famous for its desserts (yes, they lived up to the hype), and then tried El Lenazo, where I finally got to try mofongo (something I’ve been waiting to try), and it was absolutely delicious! The ambiance was beautiful, too.

As someone who is half Puerto Rican, I’ve always felt somewhat disconnected from that part of my identity. Being here in the Dominican Republic, which shares so much culturally with Puerto Rico, has been surprisingly grounding. Hearing and speaking Spanish, picking up familiar slang from my dad’s side, and being surrounded by salsa and merengue bring back so many memories. Growing up, my dad always had music playing in the house, and now I find myself smiling every time I hear a song I recognize in a restaurant or on the street.

This week was mostly focused on prototyping, but this weekend we’re planning to explore more of the city. Our goal: visit the Colonial Zone and hopefully make it to a beach (as we must, obviously).

Also: birding update! So far, I’ve only seen the common pigeon… but I’m officially on the lookout for the elusive green today. Wish me luck T^T. 

I’m so excited for the weeks ahead — from hospital visits to new prototypes to exploring more of this beautiful country. Thank you for reading, and stay tuned for the next update! 🌞

~ Valerie

 

Hello everyone!  

 

To whoever is reading this—welcome to my blog! 

This is just the beginning, and so much is in store for y’all, but first let’s start with some introductions—Hello! My name is Valerie Valentin, and I’m a rising sophomore from Lovett College majoring in Bioengineering with a minor in Global Health Technologies. My love for medicine started at a young age, and over time, it grew into a passion for innovative medical technology. This curiosity is what led me to take the introductory Global Health course at Rice, as I wanted to explore how medicine and technology intersect in a global context and the impact they have.

After exploring global health disparities and the process of needs assessment in underserved settings, I enrolled in Global Health Technologies 360, and, hands down, it was one of the best decisions I’ve made. Through that course, I had the most amazing opportunity to create an additional attachment for the LUCIA, Rice360’s Low-cost Universal Cervical Instructional Apparatus. This training model is used to teach healthcare trainees how to screen for cervical cancer, one of the most prevalent yet preventable cancers, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Together with my amazing team (huge shoutout to Lauren Walcott, Saumya Chauhan, Grace Haddad, and Jewel Moore-Young) and under the guidance of Dr. Jenny Karns-Plante and clinical mentors Dr. Mila Salcedo and Dr. Parisa Fallah, we formed Team Uterus Universal. Our goal? To tackle the rising burden of uterine cancer by designing a functional uterus and cervix attachment for LUCIA that would train users to perform endometrial biopsies, which is the current standard for uterine cancer screening.

Over one semester, I honed my CAD design skills, learned how to collaborate and communicate effectively in a team, and applied a global health lens to the engineering design process. The experience was truly meaningful, especially because of my deep-rooted passion for gynecology. It reminded me why I love the intersection of engineering and medicine so much, as well as for innovation. 

Now, I’m incredibly excited to take this passion abroad as a Rice360 Summer Intern in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic!

This summer, I’ll be working with Dylan Yoon alongside UNAPEC and the Dominican Foundation for Mothers & Infants (DOFMI). One of our main projects will involve designing a sensor for the Kangaroo Mother Care system, which is a method used with premature infants where skin-to-skin contact between the baby and mother helps regulate the baby’s temperature, breathing, and overall health. Our role is to help develop a sensor that monitors vital signs and physiological responses during skin-to-skin contact, so clinicians can better understand and evaluate its benefits.

We’ll also be conducting needs assessments in local hospitals under the mentorship of Dr. George Suazo, identifying challenges mothers and newborns face during hospital stays. I’m really looking forward to contributing to solutions that can improve care experiences for both moms and babies!

I’m also very excited to have the chance to present my partner’s and my previous projects, receive direct feedback, and observe physicians interacting with our LUCIA uterus model! I’m especially thrilled to see how our prototype performs in a real-world context and to support Dylan as he evaluates his own project—a device that quantifies breastfeeding metrics by measuring pressure data.

My goal for this internship is to truly make the most of every opportunity that comes my way—whether it’s learning new skills in electronics, gaining crucial context for solutions designed for LMICs, helping others through needs finding, or observing how physicians stay calm and collected during critical and high-stress moments.

Beyond my interest in more technical aspects, I’m also very passionate about exploring different cultures and trying all sorts of new cuisines (I’m especially excited for the tostones!). I also want to fully immerse myself in Dominican culture—from practicing my Spanish to trying new foods and visiting local landmarks and cultural sites (suggestions always welcome!). I’m also an avid birder, so get ready for some wonderful bird photos in the upcoming blogs!

I know I’ll be stepping out of my comfort zone on this trip, as I’ve never been in a foreign country where I didn’t know anyone, but I’m genuinely excited to learn, grow, and embrace everything this summer has in store.

Here’s to designing for impact, learning from others, and making health more equitable one prototype at a time!

Thanks for following along! See you in the next blog 😀

– Valerie 💙